Posted by Aging clocks are predictive models of biological age derived from age-related changes, such as epigenetic changes, blood biomarkers, and, more recently, the microbiome. Gut and skin microbiota regulate more than barrier and immune function. Recent studies have shown that human microbiomes may predict aging. In this narrative review, it was aimed to discuss how the gut and skin microbiomes influence aging clocks as well as clarify the distinction between chronological and biological age. The role of skin and gut microbiota (the microbiome) extends beyond barrier and immune function. Recent studies have shown that the microbiome may influence aging. The microbiome is involved in the metabolism of host proteins and lipids, thereby producing secondary bioactive products that may be involved in regulating aging clocks. Epigenetic modifying enzymes, for instance, require specific substrates to catalyze changes to the chromatin, which the microbiota can provide. For example, the microbial metabolism of dietary fiber has been shown to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that are involved in regulating histone acetylation and non-coding RNAs (Figure 1).
Diet-dependent epigenetic modifications by intestinal microbiota. Microbial metabolism regulates pathways involved with histone methylation, DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and non-coding RNAs. SAM, S-adenosylmethionine; HAT, histone acetyltransferase; Ac, acetyl; CoA, coenzyme A; RNAPII, RNA polymerase II; SCFA, short-chain fatty acid; lncRNA, long non-coding RNA; PolIII, polymerase III; miRNA, micro RNA; mRNA, messenger RNA; PRC2, polycomb repressive complex 2; Me, methyl; HDAC, histone deacetylase. The dotted arrow represents a minor action. This figure was created by BioRender.com.
Read more: Min, M.; Egli, C.; Sivamani, R.K. The Gut and Skin Microbiome and Its Association with Aging Clocks. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 7471. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25137471
About the cyclodextrins as dietary fibers:
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