Posted by Novel cyclodextrin derivatives, such as polyrotaxanes, cyclodextrin-polymer conjugates, and thiolated cyclodextrins, are among the most promising candidates in drug delivery. Even though until now, only polymeric cyclodextrins reached the clinical trial stage, all of these materials are the focus of interest due to their exceptional performance.
Polyrotaxanes enhance cellular uptake, not only delivering a drug but releasing cyclodextrins in the intracellular space, complexing and removing cholesterol. Cyclodextrin-polymer conjugates present controlled drug release and, in some cases, (muco)adhesive properties, while thiolated cyclodextrins provide versatile advantageous features, such as tight junction opening, efflux pump inhibition, cellular uptake enhancement, and (muco)adhesiveness.
This review, with more than 230 references, provides a detailed overview of the advantages of cyclodextrin applications in drug delivery and discusses the newest results obtained with polyrotaxanes, cyclodextrin-polymer conjugates, and thiolated cyclodextrins. Based on an in-depth analysis of recent clinical trials and approved pharmaceutical products comprising native or derivatized cyclodextrins, this review also gives an outlook on future developments as well as on challenges on the way to their commercialization.
Kali G, Haddadzadegan S, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Cyclodextrins and derivatives in drug delivery: New developments, relevant clinical trials, and advanced products. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2024, 324, 121500. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121500